It should not be used for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. As always, you should consult with your healthcare provider about your specific health needs. How does paint thinner poisoning affect the body?
Diana Meeks on behalf of Sigma Nursing. Family Practitioner. Diana Meeks. Histopathological changes induced by thinner inhalation were tubular damage in the form of patches and severe tubulointersticial nephrits in kidneys.
The effects of thinner inhalation and smoking on rat kidney were studied for 6 weeks, and evidence of interstitial cell infiltration and interstitial nephritis characterized by fibrosis was observed.
In addition, focal necrosis in the epithelium of proximal tubules was seen in the kidney of rats that were exposed to thinner fumes and cigarette smoke.
There have been a few studies about the oxidative DNA damage caused by toluene. Thinner inhalation induced oxidative damage in the DNA of rat lymphocytes. This oxidative damage was correlated with the other, widely used biomarkers of oxidative stress, increased MDA and decreased GSH levels in brain and liver. Nevertheless, thinner inhalation does not damage DNA by inducing single- or double-strand breaks; moreover, thinner does not alter DNA repair.
This may indicate that oxidative stress, a well-documented effect of thinner inhalation, does not induce genotoxic effects.
Toluene exposure increased oxidative stress parameters MDA and protein carbonyl levels in human erythrocytes after in vivo and in vitro exposure. Osmotic fragility in erythrocytes was altered only after in vitro exposure to toluene, and new synthesis of membrane components is important. The erythrocytes tested were from individuals exposed to toluene in the work place. The aim of this review has been to describe oxidative stress effects of thinner inhalation in animal models of solvent abuse.
The current evidence suggests that oxidative stress is a common mechanism of many toxic substances. Many pathways play a key role in how thinner induces oxidative stress.
We have discussed some of these pathways: metabolism of thinner components, enzymes P , metabolites quinones , inflammatory reactions or indirectly via its solvent-like actions affecting lipid membranes. These pathways are not exclusive of one another indeed, all mechanisms contribute to the ability of thinner to induce oxidative stress. This mechanism plays a major role by which thinner induces brain damage.
The evidence that thinner-induced oxidative stress plays a role in cell injury is showed in two studies. Administration of antioxidant can prevent or ameliorate the toxic action of thinner in the nervous system. In rats, learning and memory deficits induced by thinner inhalation are reversed by melatonin.
In contrast, N-acetylcystein an oxygen radical scavenger administration reduces the level oxidative stress effects on lungs. Nevertheless, pathological examinations did not show any beneficial effect of N-acetylcystein application. On the other hand, oxidative stress is related to apoptosis in only one study. Thinner consists of a large numbers of components in a complex mixture, widely used in home and industry. Real life always involves simultaneous exposures to multiple solvents, indicating the need for experimental work with combinations of substances.
However, assessing the effects of chemical mixtures is a complex topic. In the case of studying thinner, problems like: the variability of its composition among the different types on the market and the complex toxicokinetics chemical interactions between thinner components. Future studies are required to further clarify thinner metabolic interactions. Conflict of Interest: None declared. National Center for Biotechnology Information , U. Indian J Occup Environ Med.
Leo-Amador 1. Guillermo E. Author information Copyright and License information Disclaimer. For correspondence: Dr. E-mail: rf. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.
This article has been cited by other articles in PMC. Abstract Thinners are chemical mixtures used as industrial solvents. Keywords: Organ effects, oxidative stress, thinner inhalation. Table 1 Oxidative stress effects of toluene on different organs. Open in a separate window. Table 2 Oxidative stress effects of toluene on different organs. Lung Oxidative stress effects were observed on lung tissues of rats exposed for 5 weeks to thinner inhalation.
Kidney Epicutaneous administration of toluene in pigs caused progressing nuclear pyknosis and junctional separation between the basement membrane and the basal cells; it also induced spongiosis before the junctional separation.
Blood There have been a few studies about the oxidative DNA damage caused by toluene. Dorothy Pless for her language assistance.
Inhalant abuse by adolescents: a new challenge for Indian physicians. Indian J Med Sci. Antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation in adolescents with inhalant abuse.
Turk J Pediatr. A prospective longitudinal model of substance use onset among South African adolescents. Subst Use Misuse. Evaluation of composition and evaporation behavior of commercial thinner samples expended in mexico city. Rev Int Contam Ambient. Saito J, Ikeda M. Solvent constituents in paint, glue and thinner for plastic miniature hobby.
Tohoku J Exp Med. Lyon, France: World Health Organization; Toluene misuse and long-term harms: A systematic review of the neuropsychological and neuroimaging literature. Neurosci Biobehav Rev. Brain lipid changes in rats exposed to xylene and toluene. Effect of toluene on rat synaptosomal phospholipid methylation and membrane fluidity.
Biochem Pharmacol. J Pharmacol Exp Ther. Effects of toluene and n-hexane on rat synaptosomal membrane fluidity and integral enzyme activities. Pharmacol Toxicol. Marsh D. Protein modulation of lipids, and vice-versa, in membranes. Biochim Biophys Acta.
Hayashi M. Oxidative stress in developmental brain disorders. Comparison of the expression profiles induced by genotoxic and nongenotoxic carcinogens in rat liver.
Mutat Res. Nitrative and oxidative stress in toxicology and disease. Toxicol Sci. Paint thinner can remove oil-based paint from brushes and other equipment but only while the paint it still wet. Acetone is often the only solvent that is strong enough to dissolve paint after it has dried. Paint thinners should not be used with latex paints , shellac or lacquers.
The airways and lungs are especially vulnerable to paint thinner poisoning. An inhaled hydrocarbon can be distributed in the lungs and cause inflammation to the lung tissue ranging from mild to very severe. Long-term inhalation of hydrocarbons such as from habitual glue sniffing, may lead to anemia or leukemia.
How do you treat paint fume inhalation? Some general guidelines for treating exposure to paint or paint fumes include: On skin. Wash the affected area thoroughly with soap and warm water. In eyes.
Rinse your eyes with running water for 15 to 20 minutes. Feelings of dizziness or lightheadedness. How long does it take for paint thinner to evaporate? How long do lacquer fumes last? These fumes can cause difficulty breathing, kidney failure, nervous system damage and loss of vision.
These lacquers generally remain toxic for up to a month after drying. How long does a huffing high last? How long are paint fumes harmful? Paint fumes may not seem like a serious health concern, however they have been known to cause problems. Paint products do contain chemicals, so it's important to take paint projects seriously. Typically, it is best to wait at least two to three days for the paint to dry and the fumes to subside.
Can paint thinner give you cancer?
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